DNS over HTTPS (DoH) is a privacy-enhancing protocol that encrypts your DNS queries, shielding them from potential eavesdropping and manipulation. This guide provides a comprehensive walkthrough of changing your DoH settings across various operating systems and devices, addressing common issues and offering troubleshooting tips.
Traditionally, Domain Name System (DNS) queries were sent over unencrypted connections, making them vulnerable to various attacks. DoH resolves this by encrypting these queries using HTTPS, the same protocol used for secure web browsing. This means your ISP and other potential observers can't see which websites you're visiting.
Windows 10 and 11 offer built-in support for DoH. You can change this in your network adapter settings. However, specific steps may vary based on your version and network configuration. Generally, you'll need to find your network adapter properties, go to the IPv4 or IPv6 settings, and add the DoH server address in the appropriate field (usually under "Use the following DNS server addresses:"). Popular DoH providers include Cloudflare (1.1.1.1), Google (8.8.8.8), and Quad9 (9.9.9.9). Remember to replace the default DNS addresses with your chosen DoH server's IP address.
macOS offers less direct control over DoH. You can change your DNS settings within the Network System Preferences. However, forcing DoH often requires using third-party applications or modifying the network configuration files directly (more advanced). Similarly, using a router that supports DoH is a more effective approach for macOS.
Linux distributions typically provide more granular control over DNS settings. This often involves editing configuration files (like /etc/resolv.conf) or using systemd-resolved. The specific methods depend on your Linux distribution and how your network is configured. Refer to your distribution's documentation for detailed instructions. Remember to restart your network service after making changes.
Many Android devices allow you to configure DoH directly through the device's settings. The exact location will depend on the device's manufacturer and Android version, but usually, it's found in the Wi-Fi or Network settings. You'll typically find options to specify custom DNS addresses. Again, popular choices like Cloudflare, Google, and Quad9 can be used.
Similar to Android, iOS allows modifying DNS settings in the network settings within the system preferences. However, direct DoH configuration isn't as straightforward as on some other platforms. Using a VPN or a router that supports DoH is often a more reliable approach on iOS.
The most comprehensive solution is to configure your router to use DoH. This ensures all devices connected to the network benefit from DoH's security and privacy benefits without individual device configuration. Consult your router's documentation for instructions on configuring DoH. Many modern routers now support this feature.
If you encounter problems after changing your DoH settings (like website inaccessibility), here are some troubleshooting steps:
By understanding the benefits, risks, and configuration methods of DNS over HTTPS, you can significantly enhance the privacy and security of your internet browsing experience.